JDBC : Store File

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Storing Files in Databases Using JDBC

In real-world applications, you often need to persist file data—such as text documents, configuration files, or logs—directly into relational database tables.

Relational databases like MySQL support Large Object data types such as CLOB (Character Large Object) and TEXT / LONGTEXT for storing large text files. With JDBC's PreparedStatement and Java I/O character streams (such as FileReader), you can stream and save large files directly into your database efficiently.

Database Table Structure

Before running the Java program, create the destination table in MySQL to hold your file and its metadata:

CREATE TABLE `city_history` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `city_name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
  `history` LONGTEXT,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

Java Program: Storing a File Using PreparedStatement

Here is the complete Java code that reads a local file using FileReader and streams its content into MySQL using setCharacterStream():

package com.ram.jdbc;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

public class StoreFileDemo {

    static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world";
    static final String USER = "root";
    static final String PASS = "root";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        FileReader reader = null;

        try {
            // Load MySQL Driver & Open Connection
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS);

            String sql = "INSERT INTO city_history (city_name, history) VALUES (?, ?)";
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

            // Set city name parameter
            pstmt.setString(1, "New York");

            // Locate file and read via FileReader
            File file = new File("history.txt");
            reader = new FileReader(file);

            // Stream file content into database column
            pstmt.setCharacterStream(2, reader, (int) file.length());

            int rowsInserted = pstmt.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("File stored successfully! Rows inserted: " + rowsInserted);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (reader != null) reader.close();
                if (pstmt != null) pstmt.close();
                if (conn != null) conn.close();
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

Key Takeaways

• setCharacterStream() allows you to stream character data directly to the database without loading massive files completely into application memory.
• For binary files (like images, audio, or PDFs), use setBinaryStream() with FileInputStream and BLOB column types.
• Always properly close the FileReader, PreparedStatement, and Connection to avoid file locks and database leaks.

Related Tutorials You Might Enjoy

• Java Program to Connect to MySQL Database and Retrieve Information | JDBC Demo
• JDBC Database Connection: How to Connect Java to a Database
• JDBC Architecture Explained: How Java Connects to Any Database

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JDBC : Store File

JDBC : Store File

JDBC : Store File

JDBC : Store File

JDBC : Store File

JDBCStoreFileDemo.java