Tuesday, 10 April 2018

Spring Architecture_V1 | Spring Tutorial | Spring basics | Spring Framework

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Spring Framework Architecture Explained

The Spring Framework is a powerful, lightweight framework designed to make enterprise Java development much easier and more productive. It organizes various components into modular layers, giving you full flexibility to choose only the modules required for your application.

1. Core Container (The Foundation)

The Core Container is the heart of the Spring Framework. It provides fundamental features such as Inversion of Control (IoC) and Dependency Injection (DI):

Core & Beans: Provide the base framework features, including the IoC container and bean lifecycle management.
Context: Builds on Core and Beans to supply access to objects in a framework-style manner, with ApplicationContext serving as the central focal point.
Expression Language (SpEL): An expression language for querying and manipulating object graphs at runtime, setting/getting property values, and invoking methods.

2. AOP & Instrumentation

Spring enables clean, modular design through aspect-oriented programming:

AOP: Allows you to implement cross-cutting concerns (such as logging, transaction handling, and security) using pointcuts and advisors to decouple concerns from your business logic.
Aspects: Provides seamless integration with AspectJ.
Instrumentation: Adds class instrumentation support and custom classloader implementations.

3. Data Access & Integration

This layer simplifies working with databases, eliminating boilerplate database plumbing:

JDBC: Provides an abstraction layer over raw JDBC to eliminate manual connection handling and exception parsing.
ORM: Integrates popular object-relational mapping tools like Hibernate and JPA.
OXM, JMS, & Transactions: Support Object/XML mapping, Java Message Service for messaging, and declarative transaction management.

4. Web & Testing Layers

Spring also includes dedicated modules for building and validating full-stack applications:

Web Layer: Includes Web, Servlet, Portlet, and Web-MVC modules to build robust web applications and RESTful services.
Test Layer: Provides first-class support for unit testing and integration testing using frameworks like JUnit and TestNG.